Beginner's guide
Safety Tips & Rules
A beginner's guide to staying safe on the water — from life jackets to emergency procedures.
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Boating is one of the most rewarding ways to spend time outdoors. But the water demands respect. These tips are designed for new boaters who want to build good habits from day one.
Rule category
Life Jackets & PFDs
Wear it — don't just carry it
A life jacket stored under a seat can't save you. Federal law requires one USCG-approved PFD per person on board, and it must be accessible. Wearing it is always the safest choice.
Make sure it fits
A life jacket that's too big can slip over your head in the water. Test the fit on land: it should be snug, not restrictive, and should not ride up past your chin when you lift your arms.
Children must wear one at all times
In New York State, children under 12 must wear a USCG-approved life jacket whenever the vessel is underway. Don't wait for an emergency — make it a rule before you leave the dock.
Rule category
Weather Awareness
Check the forecast before you leave
Weather on the water can change faster than on land. Check NOAA marine forecasts for your area before every trip. Look for wind speed, wave height, and any small craft advisories.
Watch for warning signs
Dark clouds building on the horizon, sudden wind shifts, and rapidly dropping temperatures are all signs of an approaching storm. Head to shore immediately — don't wait to see how bad it gets.
Have a plan if caught in a storm
If you can't reach shore in time: reduce speed, head into waves at a 45-degree angle, keep weight low, and ensure everyone is wearing their PFD. Stay calm and communicate your position.
Rule category
Float Plans
What is a float plan?
A float plan is a written record of your trip details left with a trusted person on shore. It includes your vessel description, departure point, destination, expected return time, and number of people on board.
Who to leave it with
Leave your float plan with a family member, friend, or marina staff — someone who will take action if you don't return on time. Do not file it with the Coast Guard; it's a personal safety tool.
Always update it
If your plans change on the water, contact your float plan holder. An outdated float plan can send rescuers to the wrong location.
Rule category
Emergency Procedures
Man overboard
Shout 'Man overboard!' and point continuously at the person in the water. Throw a life ring, reduce speed, circle back carefully, and call for help on VHF Channel 16 if needed. Never take your eyes off them.
Know how to call for help
VHF Channel 16 is the international distress frequency monitored by the Coast Guard. A Mayday call format: 'Mayday, Mayday, Mayday — this is [vessel name] — [position] — [nature of distress] — [number of people on board].'
Carry required safety equipment
Federal law requires visual distress signals (flares), a sound-producing device (horn or whistle), and a fire extinguisher on most motorized vessels. Check expiration dates before every season.
New York State Law
Brianna's Law Applies to You
If you operate a motorized vessel on New York State waters, you are required by law to complete a NASBLA-approved boating safety course. Get certified before your next trip.
Take the Checklist With You
Download our free pre-departure safety checklist and run through it before every trip.